1. Li-capsules tse thata
Li-capsules tse thata, e le sejalo se tloaelehileng sa lithethefatsi, li na le thepa e babatsehang ea tšireletso le botsitso. Likarolo tsa tsona tsa mantlha ke li-gelatin le li-excipients, 'me li loketse ho kenyelletsa phofo e tiileng ea lithethefatsi kapa granules. Li-capsules tse thata li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea meriana, haholo-holo masimong a lihlahisoa tsa bophelo bo botle, lisebelisoa tsa phepo e nepahetseng, le lihlahisoa tsa likokoana-hloko. Ka lebaka la thepa ea bona e ntle ea ho tiisa, ba ka thibela lithethefatsi hore li se ke tsa e-ba mongobo le oxidized, kahoo li tiisa botsitso ba metsoako e sebetsang ea lithethefatsi.
Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea li-capsules tse thata haholo-holo e kenyelletsa mehato e kang ho ntšoa ha gelatin, decolorization, ho hlakisa, ho tsepamisa mohopolo, ho tlosoa ha protheine le ho omisa. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea mahlale a morao-rao, mefuta e mecha ea thepa e thata ea li-capsules tse kang li-capsules tsa semela le li-capsules tse ka senyehang butle-butle li 'nile tsa sebelisoa' marakeng. Mefuta ena e mecha ea li-capsules tse thata e na le biocompatibility e betere, biodegradability, le ts'ebetso ea tikoloho, 'me e ntse e ratoa haholo ke bareki.
'Maraka oa capsule o thata, le hoja o le tlhōlisano e kholo, o boetse o bontša mekhoa e meng ea tsoelo-pele. Taba ea pele, tlhokahalo ea-ea boleng bo holimo{2}}ea gelatin e hloekileng e tsoela pele ho hola, e leng ho susumetsang likhoebo tsa tlhahiso ho ntlafatsa theknoloji ea tlhahiso le taolo ea boleng. Taba ea bobeli, ha tlhokomelo ea bareki mabapi le bophelo bo botle le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho e ntse e eketseha, karolo ea mmaraka ea li-capsules tsa meroho le li-capsules tse senyehang li lebelletsoe ho hola le ho feta. Qetellong, ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse bohlale tsa tlhahiso le mela e ikemetseng ea tlhahiso ea li-capsule e ntse e ata butle-butle, e ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso le boleng ba sehlahisoa.
2. Li-capsules tse bonolo
Li-capsules tse bonolo, joalo ka sejari sa lithethefatsi tse tenyetsehang, li nkile boemo ba bohlokoa 'marakeng oa meriana ka lebaka la melemo ea tsona e ikhethang. Li entsoe ka metsoako e kang gelatin, glycerin, le metsi, 'me li ka ba le litlhare tse metsi kapa{1}}tse tiileng. Li-capsules tse bonolo li na le litšoaneleho tsa tatso e ntle, ho metsa habonolo, le ho pata tatso le monko oa lithethefatsi, 'me ka hona li' nile tsa sebelisoa haholo lihlahisoa tsa bophelo bo botle, lisebelisoa tsa phepo e nepahetseng, le lihlahisoa tse khethehileng tsa lithethefatsi.
Mokhoa oa ho hlahisa li-capsules tse bonolo o batla o rarahane, o kenyelletsa mehato e mengata e kang ho ntša, ho hloekisa, ho bōpa, ho tlatsa le ho tiisa gelatin. Ka tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji, ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea li-capsules tse bonolo e 'nile ea ntlafatsoa ka mokhoa o tsoelang pele. Mohlala, {{2}gelatin e thehiloeng ho semela e sebelisoa ho nkela gelatin sebaka sa setso, e leng ho matlafatsang tšebelisano 'moho le tikoloho ea lihlahisoa. Ho feta moo, theknoloji ea ho tlatsa li-capsules tse bonolo le eona e lula e ntlafatsa, joalo ka theknoloji ea microencapsulation, e ka laolang sekhahla sa ho lokolloa ha lithethefatsi hantle.
Mmarakeng, lihlahisoa tsa li-capsules tse bonolo li fapane, ho kenyeletsoa li-capsules tse tloaelehileng tse tloaelehileng, tse tšoarellang-li-capsules tse lokolloang, le li-capsules tse bonolo tse lebisitsoeng. Ka lebaka la ho hahamalla bophelo bo botle ba bareki le ho iketsetsa motho ka mong, 'maraka o bonolo oa capsule o bontša mekhoa e latelang: Taba ea pele, tlhokahalo ea -ea boleng bo holimo le e phahameng{3}}ea limela tse hloekileng{{4}e ntse e eketseha. Taba ea bobeli, tokollo e tšoarellang-le litheknoloji tse lebisitsoeng ho tsona e se e le litaba tse ka sehloohong liphuputsong le ntlafatsong ea li-capsules tse bonolo. Taba ea boraro, ka ntlafatso ea tlhokomeliso ea tikoloho, li-capsules tse bonolo tse ka senyehang li lebelletsoe ho ba tse ratoang haholo 'marakeng oa kamoso. Mekhoa ena e bontša hore 'maraka o bonolo oa capsule o tla amohela sebaka se pharaletseng sa nts'etsopele.
3. Li-Capsules tsa Enteric{1}
Li-capsules tsa Enteric{0}ke mofuta o khethehileng oa capsule ea meriana. Tšobotsi ea bona e ka sehloohong ke hore ha ba qhale ka lero la gastric empa ba lokolla lithethefatsi ka har'a pampiri ea mala. Moralo ona oa capsule o reretsoe ho sireletsa moriana hore o se ke oa senngoa ke asiti ea gastric le ho etsa bonnete ba hore moriana o lokolloa ka har'a mala, ka hona ho ntlafatsa sekhahla sa ho monya ha moriana le ho sebetsa hantle. Li-capsules tsa Enteric{{3} tse tlotsitsoeng li bohlokoa haholo ho alafa mahlaba a ka mpeng kapa litlhare tse utloang asiti ea ka mpeng, joalo ka lithibela-mafu, litlhare tse thibelang fungal, le litlhare tse ling tse sebetsang.
Mokhoa oa ho hlahisa li-capsules tsa enteric- o boima haholo. Hangata, lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tse phahameng-li sebelisoa e le likhetla tsa capsule, tse sa qhibiliheng ka gastric acid empa li ka qhibiliha ka potlako tikolohong ea alkaline ea mala. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, botenya le ho tšoana ha likhetla tsa capsule li hloka ho laoloa ka thata ho etsa bonnete ba ho lokolloa ka nepo ha moriana ka maleng. Ka nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea baeloji, lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa enteric- tse koahetsoeng ka capsule tse kang lintho tse senyehang habonolo li lula li hlaha, 'me li matlafatsa kamano ea tikoloho le ho lumellana ha lihlahisoa.
4. Mefuta e meng ea Capsules
Ntle le li-capsules tse thata, li-capsules tse bonolo le li-capsules tsa enteric-tse koetsoeng, ho na le mefuta e meng e fapaneng ea li-capsules tse fumanehang 'marakeng, e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le mekhoa ea eona ea tšebeliso le melemo. Mohlala, -li-capsules tse lokolotsoeng li ka laola sekhahla sa ho lokolloa ha litlhare, ho boloka botsitso ba sethethefatsi sa mali 'meleng, se loketseng mafu a sa foleng a hlokang{3}kalafo ea nako e telele. Moralo oa -lipilisi tse tsoang ka nako e telele li ka fokotsa khafetsa ea litlhare ho bakuli le ho ntlafatsa ho latela melao ea tsona.
Li-capsules tse lebisitsoeng ke mofuta oa capsule o ka tsamaisang lithethefatsi ka ho toba libakeng tse itseng. Ka mekhoa e ikhethileng ea thekenoloji joalo ka conjugation ea antibody kapa magnetic targeting, lithethefatsi li ka qoba-litlhare tse sa lebelloang le ho fokotsa litlamorao. Mofuta ona oa capsule o bohlokoa haholo kalafong ea mofets'e hobane o ka ntlafatsa phello ea kalafo ha o ntse o fokotsa tšenyo ea lisele tse tloaelehileng. Lipatlisiso le ts'ebeliso ea li-capsules tse lebisitsoeng li emela tsoelo-pele e kholo theknolojing ea phepelo ea lithethefatsi.
Joaloka mofuta o mocha oa capsule, li-capsules tsa meroho li ntse li hohela tlhokomelo ho tloha 'marakeng butle-butle. Hangata e entsoe ka liprotheine tsa limela, tse kang mefuta e meng ea gelatin, li fana ka biocompatibility e ntle le ho senyeha. Li-capsules tsena ha li finyelle litlhoko tsa tšireletso ea tikoloho feela empa li fana ka mekhoa e meng bakeng sa batho ba sa jeng nama le ba hananang le liphoofolo-e tsoang ho gelatin. Ka tlhokomeliso e ntseng e eketseha ea bophelo bo botle le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho har'a bareki, menyetla ea 'maraka ea li-capsules tsa meroho e kholo.
